Atriance: Overview of T-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Atriance contains the active ingredient nelarabine, which is a medicine primarily used for the treatment of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), a rare and aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (nHL). Here's an overview of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) and how the medicine Atriance injection is used in its treatment:

Overview of T-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (T-LBL):

T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (nHL) that mainly affects immature T-cells in the lymphatic system. It typically exists as a solid mass or tumor in the lymph nodes, thymus, or certain other lymphatic tissues. T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) shares characteristics with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) because both occur from immature lymphocytes. T-LBL is more common in children and adolescents but can develop in adults as well.

Overview of Atriance (Nelarabine):

Atriance (nelarabine) is a 250 mg/ 50 mL intravenous chemotherapy therapeutic medication authorized for the treatment of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). This medicine acts by interfering with the progression and division of unhealthy cells, specifically T-cells.

Treatment with Atriance:

Atriance 250 mg/ 50 mL is generally used as part of combination chemotherapy regimens for patients with T-LBL. It is administered intravenously (IV). The specific treatment strategy may vary on behalf of the patient's age, overall health, and the current stage of the condition.

Treatment may be given in cycles, with rest periods to help enable the body to recover from the effects of chemo. It's necessary for patients to be precisely monitored by doctors during treatment for potential adverse reactions and complications.

Side Effects:

Treatment with Atriance injection can have different side effects, including bone marrow suppression, which can cause reduced blood cell counts. Other common side effects may include vomiting, fatigue, nausea, and nerve-related issues.

Patients taking this therapy should be closely assessed for probable complications, including infections and decreased blood cell levels.

Prognosis for T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (T-LBL):

The prognosis for T-LBL varies on behalf of factors such as the disease stage at diagnosis, the response to therapy, and the overall health of the individual patient. Advances in chemotherapy as well as stem cell transplantation have enhanced outcomes for some patients with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), but it remains a challenging disease to treat.

It's crucial for patients with T-LBL to work precisely with their doctor to prepare a personalized treatment strategy that takes into account their particular scenarios and medical history. Atriance 250 mg is one of the tools approved in the treatment arsenal for this rare, aggressive, and serious lymphoma.

Reference:

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/atriance#:~:text=the%20European%20Union.-,Overview,blood%20cell)%20multiply%20too%20quickly.

Enhertu's Breakthrough: Bridging the Gap in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Therapy

 Enhertu (Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki) is a groundbreaking cancer treatment with a unique mechanism of action. It combines a targeted monoclonal antibody with a potent chemotherapy payload to effectively address HER2-positive breast cancer that has progressed despite prior treatments. By binding to HER2 receptors on cancer cells and releasing a DNA-disrupting payload, Enhertu targets cancer cells specifically while causing the most minor damage to healthy tissue. This innovative therapy offers renewed hope for patients with limited treatment options, significantly advancing the fight against aggressive breast cancer.

Mechanism of Action: Enhertu injection is a type of targeted therapy that operates through a sophisticated mechanism of action. It combines the precision of monoclonal antibodies with the potency of chemotherapy. The medication comprises three essential components:

• A humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody
• A cleavable peptide-based linker
• A topoisomerase I inhibitor payload

This amalgamation allows the drug to target cancer cells overexpressing the HER2 protein.

The monoclonal antibody binds with the HER2 receptors on the surface of cancer cells, acting as a homing device. Once attached, the entire complex is internalized by the cancer cell. Subsequently, the peptide-based linker is cleaved, releasing the topoisomerase I inhibitor payload into the cancer cell. This potent payload disrupts the DNA within the cancer cell, hindering its ability to divide and proliferate. This intricate mechanism ensures that the drug primarily affects cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy cells.

Indications: Enhertu's remarkable efficacy has led to its approval by the FDA for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer that has advanced despite previous treatment attempts. It is specifically indicated for patients who have received prior HER2-targeted therapies and chemotherapy. HER2-positive breast cancer is known for being an aggressive subtype, and Enhertu offers a much-needed option for patients who have limited treatment alternatives.

Side-effects: While Enhertu presents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, it's crucial to be aware of potential Ehertu side effects. Common adverse reactions include nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss, and decreased appetite. Notably, the medication can lead to interstitial lung disease (ILD) or pneumonitis, a severe but rare side-effect requiring vigilant monitoring. Patients are advised to report any persistent cough, difficulty breathing, or fever to their healthcare provider.

Enhertu's cardiac safety is also a consideration, as it can lead to left ventricular dysfunction. Healthcare providers will closely monitor patients' cardiac function before and during treatment.

In conclusion, Enhertu represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, offering renewed hope for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Its innovative mechanism of action, specifically targeting cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy cells, sets it apart from traditional chemotherapy approaches. The drug's approval for patients who have exhausted other treatment options underscores its potential to extend and improve the quality of life. While vigilance regarding potential side effects is essential, Enhertu shines as a beacon of progress in the ongoing fight against cancer.

Tibsovo: Indication, Usage, Side-effects & Price

The brand name medicine Tibsovo contains the active salt ivosidenib. It’s in a group of medicines named IDH1 inhibitors. (A medicine class is a group of drugs that acts identically.) Tibsovo is supplied as a tablet that needs to be swallowed. Tablets are commercially available in one strength: 250 milligrams (mg). You’ll likely take Tibsovo tablets once per day.

Indications of Tibsovo:

Tibsovo is a once-daily prescription therapeutic drug used to treat adult patients with mutation IDH1 with:

• Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML):  In addition with azacitidine or as a single medicine (monotherapy) for newly diagnosed AML in adults 75 or older.
• Relapsed or refractory AML: For adults with relapsed or refractory AML.
• Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer): Patients who have received previous therapy and whose cancer has progressed.

The proposed dose of Tibsovo for AML and bile duct cancer is 500 mg orally once daily until the disease is progressive or in case of unacceptable toxicity. Administer it either with or without a meal. Do not use it with a high-fat food/meal because there may be a risk of an increase in ivosidenib concentration. It is not advisable to split or crush the tibsovo 250 mg tablets. Administer the medicine orally at about the same time each day. 

Side-effects of Tibsovo:

As per reports, the most common side effects of AML are arthralgia, fatigue, leukocytosis, rash, cough, edema, diarrhea, nausea, dyspnea, mucositis, electrocardiogram QT prolonged, decreased appetite, myalgia, constipation, and pyrexia.

The most common side effects in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) are abdominal pain, fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, rash, diarrhea, cough, ascites, anemia, and vomiting.

Cost of Tibsovo:

Tibsovo is an advanced imported medicine yet to be approved in India. It is natural for patients to look for the cost of Tibsovo in India. This medication should be officially procured through trusted and authorized importers like THE INDIAN PHARMA (TIP). For more inquiries, Call/WhatsApp +91 9310090915, and we will help you calculate the total Tibsovo cost to buy this therapeutic product online legally.

Reference:

https://www.tibsovo.com/

Alternative Medicine for Multiple Myeloma

Approximately 35,000 adults in the United States are diagnosed with myeloma each year. That makes it a rare cancer in comparison to breast cancer (approximately 264,000 cases every year) or lung cancer (approximately 240,000 per year), but it’s hardly an insignificant number. Also noteworthy is the fact that the disease (myeloma) is on the rise. Globally, incidence increased 126% between 1990 and 2016.

This trend might be elaborated by the fact that individuals are living longer because the probability of myeloma increases with age and is most often diagnosed in individuals aged over 60. The disease is also more prevalent in the Black population than it is in white, and it’s a bit more common in males than it is in females.

Multiple myeloma is treatable cancer and there have been dramatic enhancements in survival over the past decade with increased research, innovative advances, the introduction of new treatments, and new learnings. Importantly, so many promising new therapies are under investigation that will surely bring us closer to a cure.

Multiple Myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, a kind of WBC (white blood cells) that produces antibodies abnormally. Multiple Myeloma has often known as Plasma cell myeloma.

All You Need to Know About Multiple Myeloma and Their Treatment

What is Multiple Myeloma:

Our bone marrow mainly contains the plasma cells, which are the kind of white blood cells that fights against infections simply by producing the antibodies.

Whenever these plasma cells turned as cancerous cells and start growing abnormally, known as multiple myeloma.

There is not any exact reason behind the causes of multiple myeloma. But mentioned risk factors can lead someone towards Multiple Myeloma: Radiation Exposure, Obesity, Certain Chemicals, Family History & Older than 65 years.

Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma:

Multiple Myeloma can affect many organs. The signs and symptoms may vary accordingly and all the most common symptoms are enlisted as follows:

• Severe Thirst
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Constipation
• Weight Loss
• Numbness in arms or legs
• Weakness
• Kidney Failure
• Loss of Appetite
• Weight Loss
• Upset Stomach
• Pain in Bones
• Confusion

Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis:

On the basis of several diagnostic tests, your doctor may confirm multiple myeloma diagnosis. It is hard to declare the diagnosis of multiple myeloma by a single laboratory test.

In order to detect the Multiple Myeloma, doctors may consider blood & urine tests, an individual’s history, bone marrow biopsy, symptoms.
Apart from all these, some tests might include a CT Scan, MRI, X-rays and PTE Scan.

Someone with definitively multiple myeloma needs to meet at least three minor or one major as well as one minor.

Major criteria are enlisted as:

• The level of protein increased in blood or urine.
• The sample of bone marrow with the existence of 30% plasma cells.
• Plasmacytoma

Minor is mentioned as:

• 10–30% existence of plasma cells in the sample of bone marrow
• Low-level existence of antibodies in the blood.
• Osteolytic lesions

Diagnosis can be done through Histopathology, Blood Tests and Medical Imaging.

Due to the complications of multiple myeloma, complications may occur including:

• Kidney Damage: Myeloma can clog the kidney so the appropriate fiction of kidney may affect. Perhaps this might leads to kidney failure.
• Blood Problem: The count of red blood cells might decrease and can cause anemia. Due to less red blood cells, one may feel extreme tiredness and paleness as well.
• Infections: Body with myeloma start produces more weak antibodies that start replacing the pretty handy cells. So in this way, a decrease of white blood cells makes a weaker Immune system.
• Bone Problem: Bones may become weaker and thus the chances of fracture can increase.

Multiple Myeloma Treatment:

In myeloma treatment indicated on the basis of the symptoms. The initial stage of the treatment is totally based on the illness and the patient’s age. Those who are under the age of 65 may get a high dose of chemotherapy. A stem transplant is another treatment that can be used for Myeloma. Stem transplant treatment can be two types:

• Autologous Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation (ASCT).
• Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation

Multiple Myeloma medications directly depend on an individual’s age and how hazardous the cancer is. Multiple myeloma treatments drugs are mentioned as:
Chemotherapy: In this treatment, the medical team usually gives a blend of drugs (mixtures) to the patient. The ones that treat multiple myeloma are as follows:

• Etoposides
• Vincristine (Oncovin)
• Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
• Liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil)
• Bendamustine (Treanda)
• Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Targeted Therapies: With the help of targeted therapies doctors target genes, tissues and, proteins in order to prevent cancer from spreading.

Immunomodulatory drugs help in boosting the immune system so that the immune system can protect the body from cancerous cells.
• Lenalidomide (Revlimid)
• Thalidomide (Thalomid)
• Pomalidomide (Pomalyst)

Lenalidomide (Revlimid): Lenalidomide 25 mg is one of the popular medicine among doctors. This medicine is used to treat multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome.

It is supplied in Lenalid 5 mg, Lenalid 10 mg tablets & 15 mg as well as Lenalid 25 mg as 30 capsules per bottle.

The price of Lenalid 25 mg tablets is much more economical in India.

With the help of Monoclonal Antibodies, the immune system can detect and kill the Myeloma cells.

Monoclonal Antibodies are given as:
• Elotuzumab (Empliciti)
• Daratumumab (Darzalex)
Interferon: The use of interferon as a drug helps in resisting the growth of Multiple Myeloma.

Stem Cell Transplant: On the basis of myeloma, your doctor may suggest a stem cell transplant. In this process, doctors remove a few of your stem cells with the help of a machine. Then these stem cells use to freeze and store in clinical storage.

Then chemotherapy takes place. That destroys the cancerous cells in the bone marrow.

In the next step, the doctor puts those conserved cells in the bloodstream through the catheter.

Radiation Therapy: In this process doctors usually bombard the beam on the affected body part. These specific beams kill the cancerous cells.

Multiple Myeloma Prognosis:

In 2003, with high dose therapy, the median survival has been estimated at around 4.5 years. And with the standard dose, the median survival has been estimated at around 3.5 years. Overall the 5-year survival rate approx 34%.
Younger people may have more survival rate in comparison to the older.

General Information: In order to get a quality of life needs to follow a few more things which are the following:
• Eat Healthy Diet.
• Invest time in Workout.
• Consume plenty of fluids.

List of multiple myeloma drugs

Chemo drugs used to Treat Multiple Myeloma include:

FARYDAK (Panobinostat 10 mg)

KYPROLIS (Carfilzomib 60 mg)

Tollfree - +91 1800 889 1064
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Hepatic Encephalopathy and Rifaximin

 What is hepatic encephalopathy?

Hepatic Encephalopathy is a condition that develops in individuals with cirrhosis who have a damaged liver, which usually cannot eliminate toxins as a healthy liver would. These toxins move through the body until they reach the brain and then they damage the brain and cause Hepatic Encephalopathy.

What are the hepatic encephalopathy symptoms? 

Signs and symptoms of moderate HE (Hepatic Encephalopathy) are:

• Difficulty thinking
• Personality changes
• Lack of concentration
• Confusion
• Forgetfulness
• Lack of judgment
• Sweet breath odor

The severe hepatic encephalopathy symptoms may include:

• Confusion
• Drowsiness
• Lethargy
• Anxiety
• Seizures
• Fatigue
• Confused speech
• Shaky hands
• Slow movements
• Severe changes in personality

Seek emergency medical assistance right away in case you develop signs of severe hepatic encephalopathy. These signs may lead to a coma in case left untreated for a longer period of time.

What is the most serious sign of hepatic encephalopathy?

In most individuals with severe hepatic encephalopathy, confusion or disorientation, amnesia, stupor or coma may develop. 

What are the stages of hepatic encephalopathy?

The four hepatic encephalopathy stages are listed as follows:

• Stage 1: (Mild HE): Patients may experience sleep problems, trouble concentrating and may have mood swings. 
• Stage 2: (Moderate HE): Patients may feel exhausted, have problems with basic math, and may react strangely. Hands might be shaking, and have difficulty writing.
• Stage 3: (Severe HE): Patients may be very sleepy and sometimes pass out. They are unable to do basic math at all. They may act strange and may be very fearful as well as jumpy.
• Stage 4: (Coma): The last stage of hepatic encephalopathy is coma, means the patient is unconscious.

How is hepatic encephalopathy diagnosed?

By performing blood tests can help in order to identify complications such as infections as well as bleeding associated with liver disease. Your healthcare practitioner may prescribe a few other tests in order to rule out conditions responsible for causing identical symptoms, such as strokes and brain tumors.

These tests include MRI, CT scans and EEG.

Generally, your healthcare practitioner makes a diagnosis on behalf of your Medical history, Symptoms and Office exam.

How is hepatic encephalopathy treated?

The hepatic encephalopathy treatment varies depending on your symptoms, overall health and how severe the disease is. Treatment is able to slow, and sometimes stop, the disease from getting worse. In order to treat HE, your healthcare practitioner may prescribe rifaximin (Xifaxan), or Laxatives. 

Rifaximin (Xifaxan): Inside the body, bacteria makes natural toxins from the digested foods. As an antibiotic, Rifaximin for hepatic encephalopathy helps stop the bacterial growth. As an outcome, the body starts producing fewer toxins.

Although the evidence is still lacking, rifaximin (Xifaxan) appears to be comparatively more effective than other existing treatments for HE. 

Eligibility criteria: To be suitable/eligible for treatment with Rifaximin the patient must:

• be established, with an appropriate therapeutic trial (at least 30 days), on a dose of lactulose (up to a maximum dose of 30 mL QID) that achieves 2 to 3 semi-formed stools daily, unless not tolerated. 

• be aged 18 years or older. 

• have experienced, in the last 6 months, at least 2 episodes of overt hepatic encephalopathy (Conn score ≥ 2) related to hepatic cirrhosis. 

• be in remission of Hepatic Encephalopathy (Conn score ≤1) with a MELD or Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score ≤ 25.

Exclusion criteria: Patients should be excluded from the treatment with rifaximin if:

• liver transplant is awaited within 30 days. 

• lactulose has not been appropriately trialled because of non-compliance. 

• an ongoing infection or active spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or

• Hepatic Encephalopathy is caused by a reversible precipitating cause.

Treatment: 

Should all the patients fulfil the requirements mentioned above, rifaximin treatment may be commenced at 550 mg twice in day, with or without meals, either as an inpatient or outpatient. 

Treatment with lactulose should continue as tolerated, maintaining a response of 2 to 3 semi-formed stools daily. 

Treatment may only be begun by an experienced Consultant Hepatologist. Rifaximin therapy needs to be reviewed on a regular basis at least every 3 months (90 days); where there is establishment of disease progression or no evidence of clinical benefit has been seen within a six month time-span treatment needs to be ceased.

Side Effects of Rifaximin: The rifaximin side effects are generally mild, fewer as well as uncommon. These are:

• Dizziness
• Hands
• Gas
• Headache
• Low Energy
• Nausea
• Stomach Cramps

What dosage form and strength Rifaximin is available? 

This medication comes in the form of tablets as following strength:

• rifaximin 200 mg
• rifaximin 550 mg
• rifaximin Rifagut 400 mg

How to take it: The recommended dose for HE is rifaximin 550 mg, which is consumed orally two times daily. know about indication of rifaximin tablets

NOTE: The piece of information provided about hepatic encephalopathy and rifaximin in this article is only for the informational purposes and is not served as a substitute for the medical treatment, consultation, diagnosis of an experienced healthcare practitioner.

Ovarian Cancer and Thiotepa Injection

What is Ovarian Cancer?

The cancer of the ovarian basically occurs when the cells in one or both ovaries become abnormal, grow in an uncontrolled way and develop a lump named a tumour.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer: When the cancer of the ovarian starts to grow, it isn't always responsible for causing symptoms. But the cancer can cause the following symptoms:

• Bloating
• Pelvic or abdominal pain
• Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
• Needing to urinate frequently

Less common ovarian cancer symptoms may include: 

• Fatigue
• Indigestion
• Back pain
• Pain with intercourse
• Constipation
• Changes in the menstrual cycle 

Of course, above mentioned are very general symptoms. Many females have some of these symptoms from time to time, but that does not mean they have ovarian cancer. Only in case the symptoms are new, appear almost daily, and last for over 2 to 3 weeks might they suggest something serious, such as ovarian cancer.

Ovarian Cancer and Thiotepa Injection

Things that may emerge throughout or within hours of treatment:

1.Mild-moderate nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite may emerge. You may be given medicines to tackle this.

Things that may emerge a few days to weeks later:

1. Blood cell counts may drop. This is called bone marrow suppression. This includes a drop in:

• Red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen in the body to provide you energy

• White blood cells (WBCs), which fight infection in the body

• Platelets, which help clot the blood in order to stop bleeding

This may happen 7-14 days after the medicine is given and then blood counts get normal. In case you have a fever of 100.5°F (38°C) or higher, a cough, chills, or any bleeding complications, call your cancer care team immediately.

2. Some or all of your hair may fall out around 3-4 weeks after treatment begins. You may lose head hair, facial and body hair. Hairs may start growing back during treatment.

3. Skin changes (dryness or a rash on the body) may appear. Discuss with your cancer care team what lotions or creams you may consider.

4. Diarrhea or loose stools may occur within a few days after the medicine is started. You may look for loperamide to manage diarrhea. Be sure to also consume more fluids (water/juice/sports drinks). In case these do not help within 24 hours, call your cancer specialist.  

5. A few patients may feel tiredness, also named fatigue. It is advisable to take rest or naps more often. Mild to moderate workout/exercise may help boost your energy.

6. You may experience a headache. Please discuss with your cancer specialist about what you can consider for this.

How do you get Ovarian Cancer: The following may be responsible for raising the risk of getting the most common types of ovarian cancer: 

• Older age (age 63 and older)
• Obesity
• Use of estrogen replacement therapy after menopause. 
• Having a blood relative who had ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer. 
• Inherited genetic factors (but data suggests that the most ovarian cancer occurs in people who have no family history of the disease as well as no genetic risk).
• Having a personal history of breast cancer. 

Stages of Ovarian Cancer: Staging determines how advanced the cancer is and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. The ovarian cancer stages are defined by the FIGO system. 

• Stage I: Tumour confined to ovaries.
• Stage II: Tumour involving one or both ovaries and extending into the tissues in the pelvic region. 
• Stage III: In this stage, the tumour involves one or both ovaries and evidence of spread to the abdominal lining outside of the pelvic region. 
• Stage IV: Highly advanced stage when the cancer has reached to more distant organs e.g. liver, lungs. 

What are the symptoms of stage 1 ovarian cancer: At stage 1, the cancer exists only in the ovaries i.e. it has not reached any other organs. Signs and symptoms at stage 1 may include

• Mass felt in the abdomen
• Distension or swelling of abdomen
• Pain in the lower abdomen
• Back pain
• Bloating.
• Feeling full even with small portions of food
• Loss of appetite
• Comparatively more frequent or urgent need in order to urinate or constipation.
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding (between menstrual periods or following menopause). 

Method of Diagnosis: Methods of diagnosis may vary from nation to nation but typically when a woman goes to her healthcare practitioner with symptoms, she will be recommended for a physical examination. In case this raises any kind of concerns, a few additional tests can be performed:

• A blood test in order to check for raised levels of a protein in the blood named CA-125. 
• CT scan or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). 
• Ultrasound

How deadly is ovarian cancer?

Epithelial form of ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest of the gynecologic cancers. About 80% of patients will eventually die of the disease.

Although, the survival in the short term is absolutely quite healthy, meaning multiple years. Existence of IP chemotherapy, ovarian cancer survival has been extended.

Treatment: The options of ovarian cancer treatment may vary on behalf of stage of the cancer, and are assessed considering into the account the below listed variables:

• Tumour size
• Tumour position
• Degree of spread
• Patient’s physical condition

Although, in this article, we're covering thiotepa, which is a widely used agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer. 

Thiotepa (Tepadina): It is an alkylating agent and widely used for the treatment of ovarian cancer as well as certain other cancers. It is a clear liquid, which should be administered by vein (IV).

In patients taking this medication may have some side effects, which may include:

• Rash
• Abnormal bleeding
• Soreness of the mouth 
• Feeling tired, or weak
• Headache
• Stomach pain
• Diarrhea
• Throwing up
• Upset stomach
• Feeling less hungry
• Injection site irritation

Certain Other Things Need to Know About Thiotepa Injection:  

• Women with child bearing potential should inform their healthcare team before receiving this drug.
• Patients are advised to avoid breastfeeding while receiving thiotepa 15 mg injection. 
• Patients must be counsel on the signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity. 
• Vials need to be stored and transported refrigerated at 2°-8°C (36°-46°F). Freeze is not recommended.
• The thiotepa injection brands in india are available at WHO-GDP & ISO certified pharmaceutical wholesaler company. 

Can you be fully cured of ovarian cancer?

According to data, approximately 2 out of 10 women with advanced stage ovarian cancer are effectively cured and survive at least 12 years following the treatment. Your response to the cancer therapy and probability for a cure basically depend on the type and stage of ovarian cancer during diagnosis.

NOTE: The piece of information provided about Ovarian Cancer and Thiotepa Injection in this article is just for informational purposes and is not served as a substitute for the medical treatment, consultation, diagnosis of a qualified healthcare practitioner. More things need to know about thiotepa injection

L‐asparaginase Treatment in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

What is Erwinaze Used for? 

Erwinaze is a brand name of L-asparaginase, which is used as a component of a multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimen in order to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

What type of enzyme is asparaginase?

L-asparaginase is a kind of enzyme that catalyses specifically the asparagine hydrolysis in the l-aspartic acid as well as ammonium. 

How should L-asparaginase be given? 

In order to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), l-asparaginase dose should be given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin.

Side Effects: The following serious side effects occur with l-asparaginase treatment: 

• Anaphylaxis
• Serious allergic reactions 
• Serious thrombosis 
• Pancreatitis 
• Glucose intolerance 
• Coagulopathy
• Abnormal liver function 
• Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) 
• Risk of Medication Errors

The most commonly reported side effects with asparaginase 10000 iu are elevated transaminases, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperglycemia, central nervous system (CNS), pancreatitis, thrombosis, coagulopathy, and allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis). 

Contraindications:

• Serious allergic reactions to asparaginase 10000 iu or any other existing components of it. 
• Serious thrombosis with prior the therapy with L-asparaginase 
• Pancreatitis with prior the therapy with L-asparaginase 
• Serious hemorrhagic events with prior the therapy with l asparaginase injection. 

Storage: Keep vials refrigerated at 2°C-8°C (36°F-46°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. The I asparaginase injection does not contain a preservative. Store unused, reconstituted solution at 2°C-8°C (36°F-46°F) and discard after 8 hours or sooner in case it becomes cloudy.

Price of I-asparaginase injection: In order to know the price of this injection, kindly go through with A Quick Guide on L-asparaginase. 

NOTE: The piece of information mentioned about "L‐asparaginase Treatment in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia" in this article is just for informational purposes and is not served as a substitute for the medical treatment, consultation, diagnosis of an experienced or qualified healthcare professional.